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1\u4e3a\u6e90\u5934\u7684\u6cae\u6f33\u6cb3\u6d41\u57df\uff0c\u4ece\u5730\u7406\u4e0a\u5370\u8bc1\u4e86\u300a\u53f2\u8bb0\u300b\u548c\u300a\u5de6\u4f20\u300b\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>4.2\u51fa\u571f\u6587\u732e\u4f50\u8bc1\uff1a\u300a\u695a\u5c45\u300b<\/p>\n<p>2008\u5e74\u5165\u85cf\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u6218\u56fd\u7af9\u7b80\u300a\u695a\u5c45\u300b\uff0c\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u65e9\u671f\u695a\u56fd\u7684\u5173\u952e\u51fa\u571f\u6587\u732e\u3002\u5b83\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e86\u695a\u56fd\u5148\u516c\u5148\u738b\u7684\u5c45\u5730\u53d8\u8fc1\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6587\u732e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u4f50\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6838\u5fc3\u53f2\u5b9e\uff1a\u7b80\u6587\u8bb0\u8f7d\u695a\u4eba\u5148\u7956\u4ece\u5b63\u8fde\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u8f97\u8f6c\u8fc1\u5f99\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5728\u718a\u7ece\u65f6\u8fc1\u81f3\u201c\u5937\u5c6f\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u718a\u7ece\u53d7\u5c01\u8346\u5c71\u4e39\u9633\u7684\u4f20\u4e16\u6587\u732e\u8bb0\u8f7d\u9ad8\u5ea6\u543b\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8865\u5145\u6587\u5316\u7ec6\u8282\uff1a\u5b83\u8fd8\u8865\u5145\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb5\u4f20\u8bf4\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u201c\u695a\u201d\u56fd\u53f7\u7684\u7531\u6765\u2014\u2014\u695a\u5148\u7956\u59a3\u5389\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u65f6\u96be\u4ea7\u800c\u6b7b\uff0c\u540e\u4eba\u7528\u8346\u6761\uff08\u5373\u201c\u695a\u201d\uff09\u5305\u88f9\u5176\u8179\u90e8\u4e0b\u846c\uff0c\u65cf\u4eba\u81ea\u6b64\u4ee5\u201c\u695a\u201d\u81ea\u79f0\uff0c\u4e3a\u695a\u56fd\u56fd\u540d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u5316\u6765\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<p>4.3\u8003\u53e4\u53d1\u73b0\u5370\u8bc1<\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u8003\u53e4\u53d1\u73b0\u4e3a\u6587\u732e\u8bb0\u8f7d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b9e\u7269\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u5370\u8bc1\u4e86\u695a\u56fd\u5728\u8346\u5c71\u5730\u533a\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9c\u660c\u4e07\u798f\u57b4\u9057\u5740\uff1a\u8be5\u9057\u5740\u51fa\u571f\u4e86\u201c\u695a\u5b63\u201d\u9752\u94dc\u752c\u949f\u7b49\u91cd\u8981\u6587\u7269\uff0c\u5176\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e0e\u897f\u5468\u4e2d\u665a\u671f\u695a\u56fd\u7684\u5f3a\u76db\u9636\u6bb5\u76f8\u7b26\uff0c\u586b\u8865\u4e86\u6587\u732e\u4e0e\u5b9e\u7269\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\uff0c\u4e3a\u63a2\u7d22\u695a\u56fd\u5728\u8346\u5c71\u5730\u533a\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u6d3b\u52a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7ebf\u7d22\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6e56\u5317\u5f53\u9633\u78e8\u76d8\u5c71\u695a\u57ce\u9057\u5740\uff1a\u8003\u53e4\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u6cae\u6f33\u6cb3\u6d41\u57df\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u8ddd\u4eca\u7ea62700\u5e74\u7684\u78e8\u76d8\u5c71\u695a\u57ce\u9057\u5740\u3002\u5176\u89c4\u6a21\u5b8f\u5927\uff0c\u603b\u9762\u79ef\u7ea64.8\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\uff0c\u4e1c\u4f9d\u5c71\u3001\u5176\u4f59\u4e09\u9762\u88ab\u53e4\u6f33\u6cb3\u73af\u7ed5\uff0c\u9632\u5fa1\u4f53\u7cfb\u5b8c\u6574\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5370\u8bc1\u4e86\u695a\u4eba\u5728\u6cae\u6f33\u6cb3\u6d41\u57df\u7684\u957f\u671f\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u6625\u79cb\u65f6\u671f\u695a\u56fd\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u57ce\u9091\u5efa\u8bbe\u6c34\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7efc\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f20\u4e16\u6587\u732e\u5982\u300a\u53f2\u8bb0\u300b\u548c\u300a\u5de6\u4f20\u300b\u3001\u51fa\u571f\u6587\u732e\u300a\u695a\u5c45\u300b\u4ee5\u53ca\u8003\u53e4\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u5b9e\u7269\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u7ec4\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u4e92\u5370\u8bc1\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u94fe\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u786e\u51ff\u5730\u8bc1\u5b9e\uff0c\u897f\u5468\u65e9\u671f\uff0c\u695a\u4eba\u5148\u7956\u718a\u7ece\u53d7\u5c01\u4e8e\u8346\u5c71\u4e39\u9633\uff0c\u5728\u6781\u5176\u8270\u82e6\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u695a\u56fd\u516b\u767e\u5e74\u7684\u57fa\u4e1a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u4e94\u3001\u4e39\u9633\u5730\u671b\u8bf8\u8bf4\u8fa8\u6790<\/p>\n<p><strong>5.1 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\u4ece\u9057\u5740\u5230\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4ef7\u503c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u7b5a\u8def\u84dd\u7f15\uff0c\u4ee5\u542f\u5c71\u6797\u201d\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u6307\u5f15\u6211\u4eec\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u695a\u56fd\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u5bb6\u56ed\uff0c\u66f4\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u4f20\u627f\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u6709\u73b0\u5b9e\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u6c14\u8d28\u3002\u695a\u4eba\u4ee5\u5351\u5f31\u4e4b\u8eab\u3001\u7b80\u964b\u4e4b\u5668\u3001\u8352\u829c\u4e4b\u5730\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u5386\u7ecf\u6570\u4ee3\u4eba\u4e0d\u61c8\u594b\u6597\uff0c\u7ec8\u6210\u5927\u56fd\u7684\u5386\u7a0b\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u5f3a\u4e0d\u606f\u3001\u8270\u82e6\u594b\u6597\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u5178\u578b\u4f53\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4fdd\u5eb7\u4e0e\u5357\u6f33\u7684\u5c71\u5ddd\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u56de\u54cd\u7740\u4e09\u5343\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u4f10\u6728\u58f0\u3001\u5f00\u57a6\u58f0\u548c\u796d\u7940\u7684\u793c\u4e50\u58f0\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b\u7a7f\u7740\u7834\u70c2\u8863\u886b\u3001\u9a7e\u7740\u67f4\u8f66\u6df1\u5165\u8346\u5c71\u5bc6\u6797\u7684\u695a\u4eba\u5148\u7956\uff0c\u7528\u4ed6\u4eec\u810a\u80cc\u4e0a\u6d41\u4e0b\u7684\u6c57\u6c34\uff0c\u5728\u8352\u5c71\u91ce\u5cad\u95f4\u4e66\u5199\u4e86\u695a\u56fd\u516b\u767e\u5e74\u57fa\u4e1a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u6587\u5b57\u3002\u900f\u8fc7\u201c\u7b5a\u8def\u84dd\u7f15\uff0c\u4ee5\u542f\u5c71\u6797\u201d\u8fd9\u516b\u4e2a\u5b57\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u5ea7\u53e4\u90fd\u7684\u5750\u6807\uff0c\u66f4\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u539f\u70b9\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u79cd\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6c11\u65cf\u7cbe\u795e\u5bb6\u56ed\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3a\u5b9d\u8d35\u7684\u9057\u4ea7\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[1] \u5de6\u4e18\u660e. \u5de6\u4f20\u00b7\u5ba3\u516c\u5341\u4e8c\u5e74<\/p>\n<p>[2] \u53f8\u9a6c\u8fc1. \u53f2\u8bb0\u00b7\u695a\u4e16\u5bb6<\/p>\n<p>[3] \u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u571f\u6587\u732e\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e2d\u5fc3. \u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u85cf\u6218\u56fd\u7af9\u7b80\uff08\u58f9\uff09\u00b7\u695a\u5c45<\/p>\n<p>[4] \u7b2a\u6d69\u6ce2. \u4ece\u8fd1\u5e74\u51fa\u571f\u6587\u732e\u770b\u65e9\u671f\u695a\u56fd\u4e2d\u5fc3\u533a\u57df[J]. \u6c5f\u6c49\u8003\u53e4, 2011(2)<\/p>\n<p>[5] \u77f3\u6cc9. \u53e4\u4ee3\u8346\u695a\u5730\u7406\u65b0\u63a2[M]. \u6b66\u6c49: \u6b66\u6c49\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e, 2013<\/p>\n<p>[6] \u5f20\u6b63\u660e. \u695a\u6587\u5316\u53f2[M]. \u4e0a\u6d77: \u4e0a\u6d77\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e, 1987<\/p>\n<p>[7] \u5218\u4e45\u548c. \u65e9\u671f\u695a\u90fd\u4ece\u4e39\u6dc5\u5230\u7eaa\u5357\u57ce\u4e2d\u95f4\u8fc1\u90fd\u5728\u4f55\u5904\uff1f[J]. \u708e\u9ec4, 2002<\/p>\n<p>[8] \u674e\u5b66\u52e4. \u8bba\u6e05\u534e\u7b80\u300a\u695a\u5c45\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u53e4\u53f2\u4f20\u8bf4[J]. \u4e2d\u56fd\u53f2\u7814\u7a76, 2011(1)<\/p>\n<p>[9] \u5de6\u9e4f. \u695a\u59cb\u90fd\u4e39\u9633\u8bf8\u8bf4\u4e4b\u6bd4\u8f83[EB\/OL]. \u6e56\u5317\u7701\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u695a\u53f2\u6240<\/p>\n<p>[10] \u4fdd\u5eb7\u91cd\u9633\u662f\u695a\u56fd\u53d1\u6e90\u5730[N]. \u65b0\u6d6a\u65b0\u95fb, 2009-09-21<\/p>\n<p>[11] \u5357\u6f33\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5c71\u6751\uff0c\u7adf\u662f\u4e24\u5343\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u695a\u4e39\u9633\u9057\u5740[EB\/OL]. \u641c\u72d0, 2019-01-03<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; \u5f20 \u749e \u201c\u7b5a\u8def\u84dd\u7f15\uff0c\u4ee5\u542f\u5c71\u6797\u201d\u8574\u542b\u7684\u695a\u56fd\u90fd\u9091\u4fe1\u606f\u8003\u8bc1 &nbsp; \u6458\u8981 \u201c\u7b5a\u8def\u84dd\u7f15\uff0c\u4ee5\u542f\u5c71\u6797\u201d\u4e00\u8bed\u5178\u51fa\u300a\u5de6\u4f20\u00b7\u5ba3\u516c\u5341\u4e8c\u5e74\u300b\u53ca\u300a\u53f2\u8bb0\u00b7\u695a\u4e16\u5bb6\u300b\uff0c\u662f\u695a\u56fd\u5148\u7956\u521b\u4e1a\u7ef4\u8270\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u5199\u7167\u3002\u516b\u5b57\u4e4b\u95f4\u6697\u542b\u695a\u56fd\u65e9\u671f\u90fd\u57ce&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":38,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1179],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chuwenhua"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/wenxue.xysww.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3416","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/wenxue.xysww.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/wenxue.xysww.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wenxue.xysww.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/38"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wenxue.xysww.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3416"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/wenxue.xysww.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3416\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3417,"href":"http:\/\/wenxue.xysww.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3416\/revisions\/3417"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/wenxue.xysww.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3416"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wenxue.xysww.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3416"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wenxue.xysww.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3416"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}